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Sahih Muslim 19a

Muadh said: The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) sent me (as a governor of Yemen) and (at the time of departure) instructed me thus: You will soon find yourself in a community one…

Muadhnarrated it
Sahihgraded sahih
11names in the chain
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حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، وَأَبُو كُرَيْبٍ وَإِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ جَمِيعًا عَنْ وَكِيعٍ، (قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ،) عَنْ زَكَرِيَّاءَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ صَيْفِيٍّ، عَنْ أَبِي مَعْبَدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، عَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلٍ، (

قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رُبَّمَا قَالَ وَكِيعٌ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، أَنَّ مُعَاذًا،) قَالَ بَعَثَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «إِنَّكَ تَأْتِي قَوْمًا مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ. فَادْعُهُمْ إِلَى شَهَادَةِ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ وَأَنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ فَإِنْ هُمْ أَطَاعُوا لِذَلِكَ فَأَعْلِمْهُمْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ افْتَرَضَ عَلَيْهِمْ خَمْسَ صَلَوَاتٍ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ وَلَيْلَةٍ فَإِنْ هُمْ أَطَاعُوا لِذَلِكَ فَأَعْلِمْهُمْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ افْتَرَضَ عَلَيْهِمْ صَدَقَةً تُؤْخَذُ مِنْ أَغْنِيَائِهِمْ فَتُرَدُّ فِي فُقَرَائِهِمْ فَإِنْ هُمْ أَطَاعُوا لِذَلِكَ فَإِيَّاكَ وَكَرَائِمَ أَمْوَالِهِمْ وَاتَّقِ دَعْوَةَ الْمَظْلُومِ فَإِنَّهُ لَيْسَ بَيْنَهَا وَبَيْنَ اللَّهِ حِجَابٌ»

Muadh said: The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) sent me (as a governor of Yemen) and (at the time of departure) instructed me thus: You will soon find yourself in a community one among the people of the Book, so first call them to testify that there is no god but Allah, that I (Muhammad) am the messenger of Allah, and if they accept this, then tell them Allah has enjoined upon them five prayers during the day and the night and if they accept it, then tell them that Allah has made Zakat obligatory for them that it should be collected from the rich and distributed among the poor, and if they agree to it don’t pick up (as a share of Zakat) the best of their wealths. Beware of the supplication of the oppressed for there is no barrier between him and Allah.

محمد بن عباد ‘ سعید بن عمر ‘ اشعثیٰ ‘ ابن عیینہ ‘ سعید ‘ سفیان ‘ ہشام بن جحیر نے طاوس سے روایت کی ، کہا : یہ ( ان کی مراد بشیر بن کعب سے تھی ) حضرت ابن عباس ‌رضی ‌اللہ ‌عنہ ‌ ‌ کے پاس آیا اور انہیں حدیثیں سنانے لگا ، ابن عباس ‌رضی ‌اللہ ‌عنہ ‌ ‌ اس سے کہا : فلاں فلاں حدیث دہراؤ ۔

اس نے دہرا دیں ، پھر ان کے سامنے احادیث بیان کیں ۔ انہوں نے اس سے کہا : فلاں حدیث دوبارہ سناؤ ۔ اس نے ان کے سامنے دہرائیں ، پھر آپ سے عرض کی : میں نہیں جانتا کہ آپ نے میری ( بیان کی ہوئی ) ساری احادیث پہچان لی ہیں اور اس حدیث کو منکر جانا ہے یا سب کو منکر جانا ہے اور اسے پہچان لیا ہے؟

حضرت ابن عباس ‌رضی ‌اللہ ‌عنہ ‌ ‌ نے اس سے کہا : جب آپﷺ پر جھوٹ نہیں بولا جاتا تھا ہم رسول اللہﷺ سے احادیث بیان کرتے تھے ، پھر جب لوگ ( ہر ) مشکل اور آسان سواری پر سوار ہونے لگے ( بلا تمیز صحیح وضعیف روایات بیان کرنے لگے ) تو ہم نے ( براہ راست ) آپﷺ سے حدیث بیان کرنا ترک کر دیا ۔

Bana Muhammed b. Abbâd ile Saîd b. Amr el-Eş'asî hep beraber İbn Uyeyne'den rivâyet ettiler. Saîd dedi ki: Bize Süfyân, Hişâm b. Huceyr'den, o da Tâvus'dan naklen haber verdi. Tavus, Büşeyr b. Kâ'bı kasdederek ki: «Bu zât, İbn Abbâs'a geldi de ona hadîs rivâyet etmeğe başladı. Bunun üzerine İbn Abbâs kendisine: Filân ve filân hadîsi tekrarla!

dedi. O da tekrarladı. Sonra yine ona hadîs rivâyet etti. İbn Abbâs yine: Filân ve filân hadîsi tekrar eyle! dedi. O da tekrar etti. Bu sefer İbn Abbâs'a hitaben: Bilmiyorum; acaba benim bütün hadîslerimi bildin de yalnız bunu mu tanımadın? Yoksa bütün hadîslerimi bilmedin de yalnız bunu mu tanıdın?

dedi. Abbâs ona şu cevabı verdi: biz Resûlüllah (sallallahü aleyhi ve sellem)’in üzerinden yalan uydurulmazken ondan hadîs rivâyet ederdik. Fakat insanlar hırçın deveye de uysal deveye de binmeğe başlayınca (yani insanlar iyi kötü demeyecek her mesleğe girmeye başlayınca) biz de ondan hadîs rivâyet etmekten vaz geçtik.»

Sahih Muslim 19a, Book 1, The Book of Faith, Hadith 29. 1 min read

What it means

When the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) sent Mu‘ādh ibn Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him) to Yemen to call its people to Allah and teach them, he clarified to him that he would meet Christian people and that he should first call them to what is more important and then to what is less important, and so on.

He should first call them to reform their creed by testifying that none is worthy of worship except Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. This is because they enter Islam with this testimony. If they complied with that, he should then enjoin them to establish the prayer, for it is the most important obligation after the testimony of Tawhīd (monotheistic belief).

If they established the prayer, he should then order the rich amongst them to pay Zakah on their property to the poor amongst them. Thereafter, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) warned him not to take their best property; instead, it is required to adopt a moderate approach in this regard. Then, he (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) instructed him to avoid oppression, lest an oppressed person might supplicate to Allah against him, as his supplication is readily answered.

What it teaches

  • The testimony that none is worthy of worship except Allah means that we should devote worship to Allah Almighty alone and shun the worship of all other things.
  • The testimony that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah means to have faith in him and what he came with, to believe in him, and to believe that he is the last Messenger sent by Allah to all humankind.
  • Speaking to a knowledgeable person or someone with certain misconceptions differs from speaking to an ignorant one. Hence, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) alerted Mu‘ādh with his words: "You will come to a people of the Scripture."
  • It is important for a Muslim to have proper knowledge of his religion to get rid of the misconceptions of those who raise them.
  • It demonstrates the invalidity of the religion of the Jews and the Christians after the mission of Prophet Muhammad (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and that they are not among the people who will attain salvation on the Day of Judgment unless they enter the religion of Islam and believe in the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him).

From the Encyclopedia of Translated Prophetic Hadiths, hadeethenc.com.

The chain

Who passed it on, from Imam Muslim back to the one who was there.

  1. 1Imam MuslimCompiler, died 261 AH
  2. 2Abu Bakr ibn Abi ShaybahTold us, Fourth generation, died 235 AH
  3. 3أَبُو كُرَيْبٍWith
  4. 4إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَWith
  5. 5وَكِيعٍ أَبُو بَكْرٍFrom
  6. 6Waki ibn al-JarrahTold us, Third generation, died 196 AH
  7. 7Zakariyya ibn IshaqFrom, Successor, died 151 AH
  8. 8Yahya ibn Abdullah ibn MuhammadTold me, Successor, died 111 AH
  9. 9Abu Mabad Mawla ibn Abbas SamiahFrom, Successor, died 104 AH
  10. 10Ibn AbbasFrom, Companion, died 65 AH
  11. 11Muadh ibn JabalFrom, Companion, died 17 AH

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