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Sahih al-Bukhari 2134

That the latter said, “Who has change?” Talha said, “I (will have change) when our storekeeper comes from the forest.” Malik ibn Aus narrated from Umar ibn al-Khattab: The Messenger of Allah…

Maliknarrated it
Sahihgraded sahih
3names in the chain
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حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيٌّ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ

كَانَ عَمْرُو بْنُ دِينَارٍ يُحَدِّثُهُ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ أَوْسٍ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ: مَنْ عِنْدَهُ صَرْفٌ فَقَالَ طَلْحَةُ أَنَا حَتَّى يَجِيءَ خَازِنُنَا مِنَ الْغَابَةِ.

قَالَ سُفْيَانُ هُوَ الَّذِي حَفِظْنَاهُ مِنَ الزُّهْرِيِّ لَيْسَ فِيهِ زِيَادَةٌ فَقَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي مَالِكُ بْنُ أَوْسٍ سَمِعَ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ رضى الله عنه يُخْبِرُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «الذَّهَبُ بِالذَّهَبِ رِبًا إِلاَّ هَاءَ وَهَاءَ، وَالْبُرُّ بِالْبُرِّ رِبًا إِلاَّ هَاءَ وَهَاءَ، وَالتَّمْرُ بِالتَّمْرِ رِبًا إِلاَّ هَاءَ وَهَاءَ، وَالشَّعِيرُ بِالشَّعِيرِ رِبًا إِلاَّ هَاءَ وَهَاءَ»

That the latter said, “Who has change?” Talha said, “I (will have change) when our storekeeper comes from the forest.” Malik ibn Aus narrated from Umar ibn al-Khattab: The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said, “The bartering of gold for gold is Riba (usury), except if it is from hand to hand and equal in amount, and wheat grain for wheat grain is usury except if it is from hand to hand and equal in amount, and dates for dates is usury except if it is from hand to hand and equal in amount, and barley for barley is usury except if it is from hand to hand and equal in amount.”

মালিক ইবনু আওস (রাঃ) হতে বর্ণিত। তিনি ঘোষণা দিলেন যে, কে সারফ এর বেচা-কেনা (দিরহাম এর বিনিময়ে দ্বীনার এর বেচা-কেনা) করবে? তালহা (রাঃ) বললেন, আমি করব। অবশ্য আমার পক্ষের বিনিময় প্রদানে আমার হিসাবরক্ষক গা’বা (এলাকা) হতে ফিরে আসা পর্যন্ত দেরি হবে।

(বর্ণনাকারী) সুফইয়ান (রহ.) বলেন, আমি যুহরী (রহ.) হতে এটুকু মনে রেখেছি, এর হতে বেশী নয়। এরপর যুহরী (রহ.) বলেন, মালিক ইবনু আওস (রাঃ) আমাকে বলেছেন যে, তিনি ‘উমার ইবনু খাত্তাব (রাঃ)-কে আল্লাহর রাসূল সাল্লাল্লাহু আলাইহি ওয়াসাল্লাম হতে বর্ণনা করতে শুনেছেন যে, তিনি বলেছেন, নগদ হাতে হাতে বিনিময় ছাড়া সোনার বদলে সোনা বিক্রি, গমের বদলে গম বিক্রি, খেজুরের বদলে খেজুর বিক্রি, যবের বদলে যব বিক্রি করা সুদ হিসাবে গণ্য। (২১৭০, ২৭৭৪, মুসলিম ২২/১৫, হাঃ ১৫৮৬, আহমাদ ১৬২)

ہم سے علی بن مدینی نے بیان کیا، کہا کہ ہم سے سفیان نے بیان کیا کہ عمرو بن دینار ان سے بیان کرتے تھے، اور ان سے زہری نے، ان سے مالک بن اوس نے، کہ انہوں نے پوچھا کہ آپ لوگوں میں سے کوئی بیع صرف ( یعنی دینار، درہم، اشرفی وغیرہ بدلنے کا کام ) کرتا ہے۔

طلحہ نے کہا کہ میں کرتا ہوں، لیکن اس وقت کر سکوں گا جب کہ ہمارا خزانچی غابہ سے آ جائے گا۔ سفیان نے بیان کیا کہ زہری سے ہم نے اسی طرح حدیث یاد کی تھی۔ اس میں کوئی زیادتی نہیں تھی۔

پھر انہوں نے کہا کہ مجھے مالک بن اوس نے خبر دی کہ انہوں نے عمر بن خطاب رضی اللہ عنہ سے سنا۔ وہ رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم سے نقل کرتے تھے کہ آپ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم نے فرمایا، سونا سونے کے بدلے میں ( خریدنا ) سود میں داخل ہے مگر یہ کہ نقدا نقد ہو۔

گیہوں، گیہوں کے بدلے میں ( خریدنا بیچنا ) سود میں داخل ہے مگر یہ کہ نقدا نقد ہو، کھجور، کھجور کے بدلے میں سود ہے مگر یہ کہ نقدا نقد ہو اور جَو، جَو کے بدلے میں سود ہے مگر یہ کہ نقدا نقد ہو۔

Telah menceritakan kepada saya ['Ali] telah menceritakan kepada kami [Sufyan] bahwa ['Amru bin Dinar] menceritakan kepadanya dari [Az Zuhriy] dari [Malik bin Aus] bahwa dia berkata: "Siapa yang memiliki barang dagangan?"

Tholhah berkata: "Saya, hingga tukang gudang kami datang dari hutan" Sufyan berkata: "Begitulah yang kami ingat dari Az Zuhriy tanpa ada tambahan sedikitpun didalamnya".

Maka dia berkata, telah mengabarkan kepada saya Malik bin Aus bin Al Hadatsan dia mendengar ['Umar bin Al Khaththob radliallahu 'anhu] mengabarkan dari Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam bersabda: "Jual beli emas dengan emas adalah riba' kecuali begini-begini (maksudnya secara kontan), beras dengan beras adalah riba' kecuali begini-begini (maksudnya secara kontan), kurma dengan kurma adalah riba' kecuali begini-begini (maksudnya secara kontan), gandum dengan gandum adalah riba' kecuali begini-begini (maksudnya secara kontan)

Ömer İbn Hattab, Nebi Sallallahu Aleyhi ve Sellem'in şöyle söylediğini bildirmiştir: "Altın ile gümüşün karşılıklı satışı peşin olmadıkça ribadır. Buğday ile buğdayın karşılıklı satışı peşin olmadıkça ribadır. Hurma ile hurmanın karşılıklı satışı peşin olmadıkça ribadır. Arpa ile arpanın karşılıklı satışı peşin olmadıkça ribadır" Tekrar: 2135. Hadisin geçtiği diğer yerler:

Sahih al-Bukhari 2134, Book 34, Sales and Trade, Hadith 86. 1 min read

What it means

Mālik ibn Aws, the Tābi‘i, informs that he had gold dinars that he wanted to exchange with silver dirhams. Talhah ibn ‘Ubaydullāh (may Allah be pleased with him) said to him: Give us your dinars to see them.

Then, after deciding to buy them, he said to him: Come later when our servant comes to give you the silver dirhams. This situation took place in the presence of ‘Umar ibn al-Khattāb (may Allah be pleased with him), who expressed his disapproval of such a transaction and swore that Talhah should either pay the silver now or give him back his gold that he took from him.

He justified this by saying that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) mentioned that when selling silver for gold or vice versa, the exchange should be made immediately; otherwise, this will be a prohibited Riba-based transaction and an invalid sale. Thus, gold should not be sold for silver, and silver should not be sold for gold except hand to hand and with the exchange made on the spot.

Moreover, wheat should not be sold for wheat, barley should not be sold for barley, and dates should not be sold for dates except like for like, weight for weight, measure for measure, hand to hand, and nothing thereof should be sold immediately for deferred payment, and it is impermissible for the two parties to depart before the exchange is made.

What it teaches

  • The types mentioned in this Hadīth are five: gold, silver, wheat, barley, and dates. If the sale involves items of the same type, then two conditions must be fulfilled to make it valid: the exchange should be made during the contract session, and they should be of the same weight, like gold for gold, or else it is Riba al-Fadl (usury of surplus). On the other hand, if the sale involves items of different types, like silver for wheat, then one condition must be fulfilled to make the contract valid, namely receiving the price during the contract session; otherwise, it is Riba an-Nasī’ah (usury of deferred payment).
  • The contract session refers to the place where the sale is conducted, whether the two parties are sitting, walking, or riding, and departing refers to what is customarily known among people as a way of ending a meeting.
  • The prohibition in this Hadīth includes all the types of gold, coined or not, and all the types of silver, coined or not.
  • What is required when selling gold for silver should be applied to the coins of this current time, i.e., if one wants to exchange one coin for another, like exchanging one riyal for one dirham, the surplus is permissible if both parties agree; however, the exchange should be made during the sale transaction or the transaction will be invalid and it will be deemed as a prohibited Riba-based transaction.
  • Riba-based transactions are impermissible, and the contract is invalid even if the two parties agree because Islam protects man's rights and the rights of society even if he waives them.
  • Forbidding and preventing evil for whoever has the ability to do so.
  • Mentioning the evidence when forbidding evil as what ‘Umar ibn al-Khattāb (may Allah be pleased with him) did.

From the Encyclopedia of Translated Prophetic Hadiths, hadeethenc.com.

The chain

Who passed it on, from Imam al-Bukhari back to the one who was there.

  1. 1Imam al-BukhariCompiler, died 256 AH
  2. 2عَلِيٌّTold us
  3. 3سُفْيَانُTold us

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