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Sunan Abi Dawud 858

This version (of Hadith No 856) adds: The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said: The prayer of any of you is not complete until he performs ablution perfectly, as Allah, the Exalted,…

Rifahnarrated it
Sahihgraded sahih by Al-Albani
9names in the chain
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حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ، وَالْحَجَّاجُ بْنُ مِنْهَالٍ، قَالَا: حَدَّثَنَا هَمَّامٌ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ يَحْيَى بْنِ خَلاَّدٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَمِّهِ

رِفَاعَةَ بْنِ رَافِعٍ بِمَعْنَاهُ قَالَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «إِنَّهَا لَا تَتِمُّ صَلَاةُ أَحَدِكُمْ حَتَّى يُسْبِغَ الْوُضُوءَ كَمَا أَمَرَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فَيَغْسِلَ وَجْهَهُ وَيَدَيْهِ إِلَى الْمِرْفَقَيْنِ وَيَمْسَحَ بِرَأْسِهِ وَرِجْلَيْهِ إِلَى الْكَعْبَيْنِ ثُمَّ يُكَبِّرُ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَيَحْمَدُهُ ثُمَّ يَقْرَأُ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ مَا أُذِنَ لَهُ فِيهِ وَتَيَسَّرَ».

فَذَكَرَ نَحْوَ حَدِيثِ حَمَّادٍ قَالَ: «ثُمَّ يُكَبِّرُ فَيَسْجُدُ فَيُمَكِّنُ وَجْهَهُ». قَالَ هَمَّامٌ وَرُبَّمَا قَالَ: «جَبْهَتَهُ مِنَ الأَرْضِ حَتَّى تَطْمَئِنَّ مَفَاصِلُهُ وَتَسْتَرْخِيَ ثُمَّ يُكَبِّرُ فَيَسْتَوِي قَاعِدًا عَلَى مَقْعَدِهِ وَيُقِيمُ صُلْبَهُ». فَوَصَفَ الصَّلَاةَ هَكَذَا أَرْبَعَ رَكَعَاتٍ حَتَّى فَرَغَ «لَا تَتِمُّ صَلَاةُ أَحَدِكُمْ حَتَّى يَفْعَلَ ذَلِكَ»

This version (of Hadith No 856) adds: The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said: The prayer of any of you is not complete until he performs ablution perfectly, as Allah, the Exalted, has ordered you. He should wash his face and hands up to the elbows, and wipe his head and (wash) his feet up to the ankles. Then he should exalt Allah and praise Him.

Then he should recite the Qur’an as much as it is convenient for him. (Narrator then narrated the tradition like Hammad’s, No. 856). He said: He then utter the takbir and prostration himself so that his face is at rest.

Hammam (sub-narrator) said: Sometimes he reported: So that his forehead is at rest on the ground, and his joints return to their places and are loosened. Then he should say the takbir and then sit right on his hips and erect his back. He described the nature of prayer in this way by offering four rakahs until he finished it. The prayer of any of you is not complete unless he does so.

রিফা‘আহ ইবনু রাফি‘ (রাঃ) হতে উপরোক্ত হাদীসের অনুরূপ হাদীস বর্ণিত। বর্ণনাকারী বলেন, অতঃপর রাসূলুল্লাহ সাল্লাল্লাহু আলাইহি ওয়াসাল্লাম বলেনঃ মহান আল্লাহর নির্দেশ অনুযায়ী পূণার্ঙ্গভাবে অযু না করলে কারও সালাত শুদ্ধ হবে না। সুতরাং সে তার মুখমন্ডল এবং উভয় হাত কনুই পর্যন্ত ধুবে, মাথা মাসাহ করবে এবং উভয় পা গোড়ালীসহ ধুবে।

অতঃপর তাকবীরে তাহরীমা বলে হামদ পাঠ করে কুরআন হতে যে অংশ সহজ মনে হয় তিলাওয়াত করবে। অতঃপর হাম্মাদের হাদীসের অনুরূপ। তিনি (সাল্লাল্লাহু আলাইহি ওয়াসাল্লাম) বলেনঃ আল্লাহু আকবার বলে কপাল মাটিতে লাগিয়ে সিজদা করবে এমনভাবে যেন শরীরের জোড়াসমূহ স্ব-স্ব স্থানে অবস্থান করে ও প্রশান্তি পায়। এরপর তাকবীর বলে সোজা হয়ে পাছার উপর ভয় দিয়ে বসবে এবং পিঠ সোজা রাখবে।

এরূপে তিনি চার রাক‘আত সালাতের নিয়ম শেষ পর্যন্ত বর্ণনা দেন। এ পদ্ধতিতে সালাত আদায় না করলে তোমাদের কারো সালাতই পরিপূর্ণ হবে না।[1] সহীহ।

رفاعہ بن رافع رضی اللہ عنہ سے اسی مفہوم کی حدیث مروی ہے، اس میں ہے کہ رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم نے فرمایا: تم میں سے کسی کی نماز پوری ( مکمل ) نہیں ہوتی یہاں تک کہ وہ اچھی طرح وضو کرے جس طرح اللہ تعالیٰ نے اسے حکم دیا ہے، ( یعنی ) وہ اپنا منہ اور دونوں ہاتھ کہنیوں تک دھوئے اور اپنے سر کا مسح کرے اور دونوں پاؤں ٹخنوں تک دھوئے،

پھر «الله اكبر» کہے، اور اللہ کی حمد و ثنا بیان کرے، پھر قرآن میں سے جو آسان ہو اسے پڑھے ، پھر راوی نے حماد کی حدیث کے مانند ذکر کیا اور کہا: پھر وہ «الله اكبر»کہے اور سجدہ کرے تو اپنا چہرہ زمین پر ٹکا دے ۔

ہمام کہتے ہیں: اسحاق بن عبداللہ نے کبھی یوں کہا: اپنی پیشانی زمین پر ٹکا دے یہاں تک کہ اس کے جوڑ آرام پا لیں اور ڈھیلے ہو جائیں، پھر «الله اكبر» کہے اور اپنے بیٹھنے کی جگہ پر سیدھا بیٹھ جائے اور اپنی پیٹھ سیدھی کر لے پھر نماز کی چاروں رکعتوں کی کیفیت فارغ ہونے تک اسی طرح بیان کی ( پھر فرمایا ) : تم میں سے کسی کی نماز اس وقت تک مکمل نہیں ہوتی جب تک کہ وہ ایسا نہ کرے ۔

Rifaa b. Rafi'den, manası önceki (857) ile aynı olan bir hadis daha nakledilmiştir. Bu hadiste (Rifaa) Resulullah (sallellahu aleyhi ve sellem)in; “yüzünü ve dirsekleriyle beraber ellerini yıkamak, başını meshetmek ve topuklarına kadar ayaklanın (yıkamak) suretiyle Allah'ın emrettiği şekilde abdest almadıkça, sonra "aziz ve celil olan Allah en büyüktür" demedikçe ve ona hamd etmedikçe ve sonra kendisine izin verildiği ve gücü yettiği kadar Kur'an'dan (ayetler) okumadıkça hiçbirinizin namazı tam değildir" buyurduğunu söylemiştir.

Daha sonra (Ebu Davud'un şeyhlerinin şeyhi olan Hemmam bir önceki) Hammad hadisinin bir benzerini (İshak b. Abdullah ve Ali b. Yahya ve babası vasıtasıyla amcası Rifaa'den şöyle) nakletmiştir: Resulullah (sallellahu aleyhi ve sellem) buyurdu ki: "Sonra tekbir getirir, sonra secde eder ve bütün eklemleri yatışacak ve yerine rahatça yerleşecek şekilde yüzünü yere koyar."

Hemam -kendisine bu hadisi nakleden İshak'ın- bazı kere ("yüzünü" sözü yerine) "alnını" dediğini söyledi (ve rivayetine şu sözlerle devam etti:) "Sonra tekbir getirip oturağı üzerinde oturur hale gelecek şekilde dikilir ve belini kaldırır." (Resulullah) namazın dört rekatını da bu şekilde ta'rif etti. (Bu tarifi) bitirince, "bunu yapmadıkça hiç birinizin namazı tamam olmaz" buyurdu. Diğer tahric: Nesaî, iftitah, tatbîk, sehv; Tirmizî, mevakît

Sunan Abi Dawud 858, Book 2, Prayer (Kitab Al-Salat), Hadith 468. 1 min read

What it means

This Hadīth is known as “The Hadīth of the one harming his prayer”. Commentators quote this Hadīth when describing the obligatory acts and conditions of the prayer. In this Hadīth, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) taught perfectly the components of the prayer that must be present. Anything that is not mentioned in this Hadīth is not considered obligatory. In general, this Hadīth relates an incident where a Companion called Khallad ibn Rāfi‘ entered the mosque after the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and performed prayer without perfecting its actions and words.

When the man had finished his prayer, he came to greet the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) with the greeting of peace. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) replied to him and said: “Go back and pray again, for you have not prayed.” The man returned and prayed in the same way he had done before.

He then went to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) who told him to go back and pray again, for he had not prayed. On the third time, the man said: “I swear by the One who sent you with the Truth, I cannot pray better than this! Please, teach me how to do it.” As the man had a thirst for knowledge and was still prepared to gain it after going back and forth, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said to him: “When you want to pray, say the Takbīr of Ihrām (to initiate the prayer) and recite whatever is convenient to you from the Qur’an after Sūrat al-Fātihah.

Then bow until you are at ease in bowing and then rise until you are standing up straight. Then prostrate until you are at ease in prostration and then sit up until you are at ease in sitting. Then do that throughout the whole prayer, except for the Takbīr of Ihrām, which is only said in the first Rak‘ah. The other versions of the Hadīth listed a couple of other conditions for prayer, such as facing the Qibla (prayer direction) and performing ablution.

From the Encyclopedia of Translated Prophetic Hadiths, hadeethenc.com.

The chain

Who passed it on, from Abu Dawud back to the one who was there.

  1. 1Abu DawudCompiler, died 275 AH
  2. 2Al-Hasan ibn Ali al-KhallalTold us, Fourth generation, died 242 AH
  3. 3Hisham ibn Abd al-MalikTold us, Third generation, died 226 AH
  4. 4Hajjaj ibn al-MinhalWith, Third generation, died 216 AH
  5. 5Hammam ibn YahyaTold us, Third generation, died 163 AH
  6. 6Ishaq ibn Abdullah ibn Abi TalhahTold us, Successor, died 130 AH
  7. 7Ali ibn YahyaFrom, Successor, died 129 AH
  8. 8Yahya ibn KhaladFrom, Companion, died 70 AH
  9. 9عَمِّهِFrom

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