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Sunan Abi Dawud 3202

The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) led us in prayer over bier of a Muslim and I heard him say: O Allah, so and so, son of so and so, is in Thy protection, so guard him from the trial in the grave.

Wathilahnarrated it
Sahihgraded sahih by Al-Albani
6names in the chain
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حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الدِّمَشْقِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا الْوَلِيدُ، ح وَحَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُوسَى الرَّازِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا الْوَلِيدُ، (وَحَدِيثُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ أَتَمُّ) حَدَّثَنَا مَرْوَانُ بْنُ جُنَاحٍ، عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ مَيْسَرَةَ بْنِ حَلْبَسٍ، عَنْ وَاثِلَةَ بْنِ الأَسْقَعِ

قَالَ صَلَّى بِنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى رَجُلٍ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَسَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ: «اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّ فُلَانَ بْنَ فُلَانٍ فِي ذِمَّتِكَ فَقِهِ فِتْنَةَ الْقَبْرِ».

قَالَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ «فِي ذِمَّتِكَ وَحَبْلِ جِوَارِكَ فَقِهِ مِنْ فِتْنَةِ الْقَبْرِ وَعَذَابِ النَّارِ وَأَنْتَ أَهْلُ الْوَفَاءِ وَالْحَمْدِ اللَّهُمَّ فَاغْفِرْ لَهُ وَارْحَمْهُ إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْغَفُورُ الرَّحِيمُ». قَالَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ مَرْوَانَ بْنِ جُنَاحٍ

The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) led us in prayer over bier of a Muslim and I heard him say: O Allah, so and so, son of so and so, is in Thy protection, so guard him from the trial in the grave.

(AbdurRahman in his version said: “In Thy protection and in Thy nearer presence, so guard him from the trial in the grave) and the punishment in Hell. Thou art faithful and worthy of praise. O Allah, forgive him and show him mercy. Thou art the forgiving and the merciful one.” AbdurRahman said: “On the authority of Marwan ibn Janah.”

ওয়াসিলাহ ইবনুল আকসা (রাঃ) সূত্রে বর্ণিত। তিনি বলেন, রাসূলুল্লাহ সাল্লাল্লাহু আলাইহি ওয়াসাল্লাম আমাদেরকে সাথে নিয়ে মুসলিমদের এক লোকের জানাযার সালাত আদায় করলেন। তখন আমি তাকে এ দু‘আ করতে শুনেছিঃ ‘‘হে আল্লাহ! অমুকের পুত্র অমুক আপনার দায়িত্বে থাকলো, আপনি তাকে কবরের ফিতনাহ ও রক্ষা করুন।’’

‘আব্দুর রাহমানের বর্ণনায় রয়েছেঃ ‘‘এ ব্যক্তি আপনার যিম্মায় ও প্রতিবেশী থাকলো। সুতরাং আপনি তাকে কবরের বিপদ ও দোযখের আযাব থেকে রক্ষা করুন। আপনি তো প্রতিশ্রুতি রক্ষাকারী ও সত্যের অধিকারী হে আল্লাহ! আপনি তাকে ক্ষমা করে দিন এবং তার প্রতি অনুগ্রহ করুন। কেননা আপনিই একমাত্র ক্ষমাশীল ও পরম দয়ালু।’’

واثلہ بن اسقع رضی اللہ عنہ کہتے ہیں کہ رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم نے ہمیں مسلمانوں میں سے ایک شخص کی نماز جنازہ پڑھائی تو میں نے سنا آپ کہہ رہے تھے: «اللهم إن فلان بن فلان في ذمتك فقه فتنة القبر» اے اللہ! فلاں کا بیٹا فلاں تیری امان و پناہ میں ہے تو اسے قبر کے فتنہ ( عذاب ) سے بچا لے ۔

عبدالرحمٰن کی روایت میں: «في ذمتك» کے بعد عبارت اس طرح ہے: «وحبل جوارك فقه من فتنة القبر وعذاب النار وأنت أهل الوفاء والحمد اللهم فاغفر له وارحمه إنك أنت الغفور الرحيم» اے اللہ! وہ تیری امان میں ہے، اور تیری حفاظت میں ہے، تو اسے قبر کے فتنہ اور جہنم کے عذاب سے بچا لے، تو وعدہ وفا کرنے والا اور لائق ستائش ہے، اے اللہ!

تو اسے بخش دے، اس پر رحم فرما، تو بہت بخشنے والا، اور رحم فرمانے والا ہے ۔

Telah menceritakan kepada kami [Abdurrahman bin Ibrahim Ad Dimasyqi], telah menceritakan kepada kami [Al Walid], dan telah diriwayatkan dari jalur yang lain: telah menceritakan kepada kami [Ibrahim bin Musa Ar Razi], telah mengabarkan kepada kami [Al Walid], -dan hadits Abdurrahman lebih sempurna- telah menceritakan kepada kami [Marwan bin Janah] dari [Yunus bin Maisarah bin Halbas] dari [Watsilah bin Al Asqa'], ia berkata; Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam bersama kami menshalati (jenazah) seorang laki-laki muslim, kemudian aku mendengar beliau mengucapkan: "Ya Allah, sesungguhnya Fulan bin Fulan berada dalam jaminanMu maka lindungilah dia dari Fitnah kubur."

Sedang Abdurrahman berkata; dari jaminanMu. Berada dalam jaminan keamananMu, maka lindungilah dirinya dari fitnah kubur, serta adzab neraka. Engkau senantiasa menepati janji dan Pemilik segala pujian. Ya Allah, ampunilah dosanya dan sayangilah dia, sesungguhnya Engkau Maha Pengampun dan Maha Penyayang." Abdurrahman mengatakannya dari Marwan bin Janah

Vasile b. el-Eskâ'dan; demiştir ki: Rasûlullah (s.a.v.) bize müslümanlardan bir adam'ın cenaze namazını kıldırdı da onu (şu şekilde) dua ederken işittim: "Ey Allâh'ım! Falan'ın oğlu falan senin emanetindedir. Onu kabir sıkıntısından koru.” (Bu son cümleyi) Abdurrahman (Musannif Ebû Davud'a şu lafızlarla) rivayet etti: "Senin himayendedir ve selâmete götüren ipine sarılmıştır.

Onu kabir sıkıntısından ve cehennem azabından koru, sen sözünü yerine getiren ve hainde lâyık olansın. Onu bağışla, ona acı. Çünkü sen affedici ve merhametlisin

Sunan Abi Dawud 3202, Book 21, Funerals (Kitab Al-Jana'iz), Hadith 114. 1 min read

What it means

Islam legislated the law of 'Li‘ān' (invoking the curse of Allah upon the liar among the two spouses for falsehood in the matter of witnessing adultery) as a solution to the problem of a husband witnessing another man committing adultery with his wife without four other witnesses (or visa versa). The husband cannot just be in suspicion about the matter: he must clearly witness the actual act of penetration of the adultery.

The punishment for any false accusation and lying in this matter is extremely grievous (torment in Hellfire). The man in this story was feeling doubtful about the conduct of his wife and was worried that she might commit adultery. He was confused about what to do, for if he accused her (without the four witnesses) then he would undergo the relevant legal punishment (of whipping, etc), and if he remained silent about it then he would be considered a cuckold and suffer disgrace.

He went to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and mentioned these things to him. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) remained silent as he did not like to answer questions about issues which had not yet occurred, because this leads to evil and could possibly open the doors for evil to occur.

In addition to that no verses were yet revealed to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) regarding this issue. After some time the same man who questioned the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) saw the monstrosity (adultery) he had asked about previously and about which he had worries. Thereupon Allah revealed some rulings regarding this issue in Sūrat An-Nūr, as He says (what means) {Those who accuse their wives} [Qur'an 24:6].

The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) recited these verses to the man, admonished him and reminded him that if he was lying in accusing his wife, then the worldly punishment of false accusations is less severe than the punishment of the Hereafter. The man swore the sacred oath by Allah that he was not lying about witnessing and accusing his wife of adultery.

Then the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) called the wife and admonished her and told her that the punishment of this life is less severe than the punishment of the Hereafter. Then she swore also that her husband was a liar. Then, the Prophet may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him, started by the one with whom Allah has started with (i.e. in the Qur'anic verses mentioned above), the husband.

The man testified four times by Allah that he was truthful in what he accused his wife with, and upon the fifth time he invoked the curse of Allah upon himself if he was a liar. Then the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) summoned his wife, and she testifies four times by Allah that her husband was a liar, and she also upon the fifth time invoked the anger of Allah upon herself if her husband was truthful.

Then the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) separated between them permanently (and irrevocably). Given that one of them was definitely a liar, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) urged them to repent. Then the husband requested his dowry back and the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "you have no right to claim the dowry: if you were truthful about her committing adultery then the dowry you gave her was in exchange for your sexual relations with her during your marriage.

And if you were lying about her, then it is even less rightful that you would receive anything because you accused her of such a terrible lie and great falsehood.

From the Encyclopedia of Translated Prophetic Hadiths, hadeethenc.com.

The chain

Who passed it on, from Abu Dawud back to the one who was there.

  1. 1Abu DawudCompiler, died 275 AH
  2. 2Abd ar-Rahman ibn IbrahimTold us, Fourth generation, died 245 AH
  3. 3Al-Walid ibn MuslimTold us, Third generation, died 194 AH
  4. 4Marwan ibn JanahTold us, Successor, died 141 AH
  5. 5Yunus ibn MaysarahFrom, Successor, died 132 AH
  6. 6Wathilah ibn al-AsqaFrom, Companion, died 83 AH

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